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971.
Fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes of coumarin dyes are sharply reduced in polar solvents if amine substituent groups are free to rotate. The polar solvent effect is interpreted in terms of relaxation of excited dye from an initial planar conformation to a twisted zwitterionic state. 相似文献
972.
A qualitative discussion on atom-surface elastic scattering taking place in the presence of laser radiation is given. It is suggested that appreciable effects of laser radiation on diffraction patterns may be expected if the laser radiation is capable of inducing electronic transitions in atoms with a large probability.Research sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFSC), United States Air Force, under Contract No. F49620-78-C-0005, and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE77-27826. The United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon.Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow, 1976–1980; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar, 1975–1980. 相似文献
973.
The phases occurring in samples of gross composition BaxWO3 (0.01 < x < 0.33) heated at temperatures between 1073 and 1373°K have been determined using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. At all temperatures a tetragonal tungsten bronze phase with a narrow homogeneity range of x = 0.20?0.21 was observed to form. In addition, at temperatures up to 1273°K, a series of orthorhombic intergrowth bronzes forms within a restricted composition range around x = 0.04. The latter phases are unstable at higher temperatures and were not found in preparations made at 1323°K. Similarly a new type of bronze phase forms at x = 0.14?0.16 at temperatures up to 1323°K, but not at 1373°K. The structure of this phase is unknown. Aspects of the crystal chemistry of the barium bronzes and the relationships to other bronze phases are discussed. 相似文献
974.
L. De Galan C. Erkelens C. Jongerius W. Maertens C. I. Mooring 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1973,264(2):173-176
Summary Detection limits for the determination of a number of elements in solid sodium chloride by differential pulse polarography, flame absorption and emission spectrometry were established. These methods were used for a quantitative investigation on the distribution of ppm quantities of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Mg, Sr and Ba between the crystallizate and the mother solution obtained in a partial crystallization of sodium chloride from its saturated solution. Recoveries of the crystallization process, calculated from the results of the analysis, vary from 86% for Pb to 115% for Sr.
Bestimmung von Spurenverunreinigungen in reinstem Natriumchlorid durch Differential-Pulspolarographie und Flammenspektrometrie
Zusammenfassung Die Nachweisgrenzen für die Bestimmung einer Zahl von Elementen im festen Natriumchlorid wurden mit Differential-Pulspolarographie, Absorptions- und Emissions-Flammenspektrometrie bestimmt. Diese Methoden wurden benutzt zur quantitativen Untersuchung der Verteilung von ppm-Mengen Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Mg, Sr und Ba zwischen kristallisiertem Salz und Mutterlösung bei teilweiser Kristallisation vom Natriumchlorid aus seiner gesättigten Lösung. Die Ausbeuten des Kristallisationsprozesses, berechnet aus den Analysenergebnissen, schwanken von 86% für Pb bis 115% für Sr.
Lecture presented at Euroanalysis I Conference, 28. 8.–1. 9. 1972 in Heidelberg, Germany. 相似文献
975.
976.
采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法,6-311G(d,p)(C,H,O)/LANL2DZ(Ag)基组,计算了黄曲霉素B2(AFB2)分子吸附在Ag2团簇的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱和预共振拉曼光谱,并与实验结果比较. 结果显示:AFB2分子在基态Ag2团簇表面吸附时,增强因子最大达到102,对应吡喃(pyrane)环C=O伸缩振动,主要是由AFB2分子周围化学环境改变而引起的基态静极化率改变导致的化学增强. 不同激发波长下的AFB2分子预共振拉曼光谱的增强强度不同:电荷转移态激发波长为1144 和544 nm时拉曼信号增强了102倍,而选择电荷转移预共振波长432和410 nm作为入射光时,其拉曼信号增强了104倍,增强机理为银团簇和黄曲霉素分子之间的电荷转移共振增强. 因此通过改变入射光波长,选择电荷转移共振激发波长,更有利于强致癌物AFB2分子的痕量检测. 相似文献
977.
A multidimensional GC-system containing two capillary columns of different polarities, operated within a double oven instrument, was used for the optimized separation of complex isomeric mixtures of various types of chlorinated aromatic compounds such as PCB, PCDD, or PCDF. Electron capture was applied parallel to flame ionization detection to obtain sensitive signals of the PCB or PCDD and the n-alkane standards required for identification by Kovats indices, respectively. Electron capture detection within a valvelessly operated MDGC system forced changes in the usual instrumental set-up, the live-switching coupling piece being located within the second oven of the double oven instrument. This oven is operated isothermally to ensure optimal and interference-free detection, for stable flow conditions within the coupling piece and for the determination of the isothermal retention indices (Kovats), which are much more suitable for identification by retention than the so-called “linear” indices. 相似文献
978.
Differencies between the mechanism ofn-hexane and benzene adsorption on active carbon were investigated on the ground of kinetic measurements. As it has been stated, the kinetic measurements show fundamental differencies between the mechanism of adsorption in spite of analogy existing in the state of adsorption equilibrium. Within the range investigated, only the adsorption ofn-hexane follows the model of volume filling of micropores. Existence of those differencies is also confirmed by measurements of effective diffusion coefficient values as well as changes of activation energy of the diffusion—adsorption process.
Anwendung kinetischer Untersuchungen zur Interpretation des Adsorptionsverhaltens vonn-Hexan und Benzol an Aktivkohle
Zusammenfassung Mittels kinetischer Messungen untersuchte man die Unterschiede im Mechanismus des Adsorptionsverlaufes vonn-Hexan und Benzol an Aktivkohle. Man stellte fest, daß trotz der Analogie im Adsorptionsgleichgewichtszustand die kinetischen Messungen auf prinzipielle Unterschiede im Adsorptionsmechanismus hinweisen. Im untersuchten Bereich verläuft nur die Adsorption vonn-Hexane nach dem Modell der Mikroporenvolumenausfüllung. Die auftretenden Unterschiede wurden auch durch die Berechnungen der Werte der effektiven Diffusionskoeffizienten sowie Änderungen der Aktivierungsenergie des Diffusions-Adsorptionsprozesses bestätigt.相似文献
979.
Summary For the examples shown in this study in all cases FD-MS allowed the determination of the molecular weight and the elemental composition. Some of the characteristic features of sulphonic acids and sulphonates in field desorption are described. The method is obviously very well suited for the analysis of non-volatile technical products (e.g. dyestuffs, detergents, drugs). Information about the molecular weight, the structure, organic and inorganic by-products and impurities is obtained and thus the applicability of FD-MS to the analysis of actual analytical problems is clearly demonstrated.
Hochauflösungs-Felddesorptions-MassenspektrometrieIII. Sulfonsäuren und Sulfonate
Zusammenfassung Für die untersuchten Verbindungen ergab FD-MS in allen Fällen das Molekulargewicht und die Bruttoformel. Einige der charakteristischen Merkmale von Sulfonsäuren und Sulfonaten bei der Felddesorption werden beschrieben. Die Methode ist für die Analyse nichtflüchtiger, technischer Produkte (z. B. Farbstoffe, Detergentien, Pharmazeutica) sehr gut geeignet. Sie liefert Informationen über das Molekulargewicht, die Struktur, organische und anorganische Nebenprodukte und Verunreinigungen.
Part II.: Schulten, H.-R., Games, D. E.: Glycosides. Biomed. Mass Spectrom. 1, 120 (1974). 相似文献
980.
The possibility of simultaneous application of an electron capture (ECD) and a flame ionization detector (FID) connected to a glass capillary column for analyzing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNA) has been investigated. The ECD/FID ratio is determined for 46 PNA compounds. The ratios vary from 0.02 to 117 with relative standard deviations better than 20 percent determined from 10 replicate analyses. The results suggest that the method may be used for obtaining additional evidence in identifying PNA in environmental samples. Impurities and transformation products in the standard were identified by computerized glass capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Quinones and diones are responsible for the high EC-response determined in some trace components in the standard. An application of the method is shown for PNA from particulates in urban atmospheres. 相似文献